在Windows Vista操作系统中,桌面窗口管理器(Desktop Window Manager)提供了一种称为“玻璃效果”的视觉效果,它允许窗口内容通过类似玻璃的透明层显示出来。这种效果仅在Windows Vista上可用。然而,对于不支持该效果的旧版Windows系统,可以通过WPF(Windows Presentation Foundation)来模拟这种效果。
本文将介绍一个简单的示例,展示如何在非Vista版本的Windows上创建一个具有半透明效果的窗口。这个示例非常基础,没有提供窗口调整大小的支持,但它提供了实现该效果的基本思路。
要创建一个半透明的窗口,需要将窗口的模式设置为允许透明度(AllowTransparency),并将窗口样式(WindowStyle)设置为无(None)。然后在启用了玻璃效果的窗口中,使用一些样板代码来模拟Vista的玻璃效果。
这种效果是通过使用Canvas布局控件实现的。Canvas允许使用不同的ZIndex放置对象,因此可以创建一个半透明的区域(即玻璃效果),然后在其上放置控件。唯一的缺点是,由于Canvas是一个X/Y布局管理器,可能需要至少编写一段代码来确保实际内容具有正确的大小。
接下来,让看看实现这一效果的代码。首先是XAML代码:
<Window x:Class="GlassWindowForXP.Window1"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Background="Transparent"
Title="Window1" Height="600" Width="800"
x:Name="Window">
<Canvas x:Name="canvmain">
<Canvas.Resources>
<ControlTemplate x:Key="imageButton" TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
<Image Source="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=Tag}"
Width="{TemplateBinding Width}" Height="{TemplateBinding Height}"
Stretch="Fill" />
</ControlTemplate>
</Canvas.Resources>
<Rectangle Opacity="0.8" x:Name="back"
Width="{Binding ElementName=canvmain, Path=ActualWidth}"
Height="{Binding ElementName=canvmain, Path=ActualHeight}"
StrokeThickness="2" Stroke="#55505050"
StrokeMiterLimit="1">
<Rectangle.Fill>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.499999,0.019669" EndPoint="0.499999,0.957376">
<LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStop Offset="0" Color="#ffe8e8e8" />
<GradientStop Offset="1" Color="#ffbababa" />
</LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Rectangle.Fill>
</Rectangle>
<DockPanel Margin="0" Background="Transparent" LastChildFill="True">
<DockPanel DockPanel.Dock="Top" Background="RoyalBlue" Width="{Binding ElementName=canvmain, Path=ActualWidth}">
<Label x:Name="lblTitle" DockPanel.Dock="Left"
Content="{Binding Path=Title, ElementName=Window, Mode=Default}"
VerticalAlignment="Center" FontFamily="Arial Rounded MT"
FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="#FFFFFFFF" />
<StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Right" Height="30" Width="75"
Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Right">
<Button x:Name="btnMin" Width="21" Height="21" Margin="2"
Template="{StaticResource imageButton}" Tag="images/minimise.png"
HorizontalAlignment="Right" Click="btnMin_Click"
VerticalAlignment="Center" />
<Button x:Name="btnMax" Width="21" Height="21" Margin="2"
Template="{StaticResource imageButton}" Tag="images/maximise.png"
HorizontalAlignment="Right" Click="btnMax_Click"
VerticalAlignment="Center" />
<Button x:Name="btnClose" Width="21" Height="21" Margin="2"
Template="{StaticResource imageButton}" Tag="images/close.png"
HorizontalAlignment="Right" Click="btnClose_Click"
VerticalAlignment="Center" />
</StackPanel>
</DockPanel>
</DockPanel>
<TabControl Margin="20" Height="400">
<TabItem Header="TabItem">
<Grid/>
</TabItem>
<TabItem Header="TabItem">
<Grid/>
</TabItem>
</TabControl>
</Canvas>
</Window>
接下来是C#代码:
using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Media;
namespace GlassWindowForXP
{
public partial class Window1 : Window
{
public Window1()
{
this.WindowStyle = WindowStyle.None;
this.AllowsTransparency = true;
this.Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0, 34, 34, 34));
InitializeComponent();
}
protected override void OnMouseLeftButtonDown(MouseButtonEventArgs e)
{
base.OnMouseLeftButtonDown(e);
this.DragMove();
}
private void btnClose_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
this.Close();
}
private void btnMin_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
this.WindowState = WindowState.Minimized;
}
private void btnMax_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
this.WindowState = WindowState.Maximized;
}
}
}