创建半透明窗口的示例

在Windows Vista操作系统中,桌面窗口管理器(Desktop Window Manager)提供了一种称为“玻璃效果”的视觉效果,它允许窗口内容通过类似玻璃的透明层显示出来。这种效果仅在Windows Vista上可用。然而,对于不支持该效果的旧版Windows系统,可以通过WPF(Windows Presentation Foundation)来模拟这种效果。

本文将介绍一个简单的示例,展示如何在非Vista版本的Windows上创建一个具有半透明效果的窗口。这个示例非常基础,没有提供窗口调整大小的支持,但它提供了实现该效果的基本思路。

要创建一个半透明的窗口,需要将窗口的模式设置为允许透明度(AllowTransparency),并将窗口样式(WindowStyle)设置为无(None)。然后在启用了玻璃效果的窗口中,使用一些样板代码来模拟Vista的玻璃效果。

这种效果是通过使用Canvas布局控件实现的。Canvas允许使用不同的ZIndex放置对象,因此可以创建一个半透明的区域(即玻璃效果),然后在其上放置控件。唯一的缺点是,由于Canvas是一个X/Y布局管理器,可能需要至少编写一段代码来确保实际内容具有正确的大小。

接下来,让看看实现这一效果的代码。首先是XAML代码:

<Window x:Class="GlassWindowForXP.Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Background="Transparent" Title="Window1" Height="600" Width="800" x:Name="Window"> <Canvas x:Name="canvmain"> <Canvas.Resources> <ControlTemplate x:Key="imageButton" TargetType="{x:Type Button}"> <Image Source="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=Tag}" Width="{TemplateBinding Width}" Height="{TemplateBinding Height}" Stretch="Fill" /> </ControlTemplate> </Canvas.Resources> <Rectangle Opacity="0.8" x:Name="back" Width="{Binding ElementName=canvmain, Path=ActualWidth}" Height="{Binding ElementName=canvmain, Path=ActualHeight}" StrokeThickness="2" Stroke="#55505050" StrokeMiterLimit="1"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.499999,0.019669" EndPoint="0.499999,0.957376"> <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> <GradientStop Offset="0" Color="#ffe8e8e8" /> <GradientStop Offset="1" Color="#ffbababa" /> </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <DockPanel Margin="0" Background="Transparent" LastChildFill="True"> <DockPanel DockPanel.Dock="Top" Background="RoyalBlue" Width="{Binding ElementName=canvmain, Path=ActualWidth}"> <Label x:Name="lblTitle" DockPanel.Dock="Left" Content="{Binding Path=Title, ElementName=Window, Mode=Default}" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontFamily="Arial Rounded MT" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="#FFFFFFFF" /> <StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Right" Height="30" Width="75" Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Right"> <Button x:Name="btnMin" Width="21" Height="21" Margin="2" Template="{StaticResource imageButton}" Tag="images/minimise.png" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Click="btnMin_Click" VerticalAlignment="Center" /> <Button x:Name="btnMax" Width="21" Height="21" Margin="2" Template="{StaticResource imageButton}" Tag="images/maximise.png" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Click="btnMax_Click" VerticalAlignment="Center" /> <Button x:Name="btnClose" Width="21" Height="21" Margin="2" Template="{StaticResource imageButton}" Tag="images/close.png" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Click="btnClose_Click" VerticalAlignment="Center" /> </StackPanel> </DockPanel> </DockPanel> <TabControl Margin="20" Height="400"> <TabItem Header="TabItem"> <Grid/> </TabItem> <TabItem Header="TabItem"> <Grid/> </TabItem> </TabControl> </Canvas> </Window>

接下来是C#代码:

using System; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Media; namespace GlassWindowForXP { public partial class Window1 : Window { public Window1() { this.WindowStyle = WindowStyle.None; this.AllowsTransparency = true; this.Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0, 34, 34, 34)); InitializeComponent(); } protected override void OnMouseLeftButtonDown(MouseButtonEventArgs e) { base.OnMouseLeftButtonDown(e); this.DragMove(); } private void btnClose_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { this.Close(); } private void btnMin_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { this.WindowState = WindowState.Minimized; } private void btnMax_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { this.WindowState = WindowState.Maximized; } } }
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